REWARD, KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, PELATIHAN: STRATEGI MSDM DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERILAKU INOVATIF PADA GENERASI Z
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh reward, kepemimpinan transformasional, dan pelatihan sebagai strategi SDM dalam meningkatkan perilaku inovatif di kalangan karyawan Generasi Z. Penelitian ini menargetkan pekerja Generasi Z (usia 18-28 tahun) yang bekerja di perusahaan-perusahaan yang berlokasi di kawasan industri Cikarang, Jawa Barat, Indonesia, dengan sampel sebanyak 111 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik purposive sampling. Data primer dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert lima poin untuk mengukur variabel independen seperti penghargaan, kepemimpinan transformasional, dan pelatihan serta variabel dependen, perilaku inovatif. Analisis data dilakukan dengan SPSS versi 26, meliputi uji validitas (korelasi Pearson), reliabilitas (Alpha Cronbach >0,926), normalitas (Monte Carlo sig. 0,181), multikolinearitas (VIF <10), serta regresi linier berganda, uji F, dan uji t. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional (sig. 0,038) dan pelatihan (sig. 0,000) secara signifikan memengaruhi perilaku inovatif secara individual, sedangkan penghargaan tidak menunjukkan signifikansi parsial. Secara simultan, ketiga variabel tersebut memberikan pengaruh gabungan yang substansial (uji F signifikansi 0,000), yang menjelaskan 22,3% varians dalam perilaku inovatif (R² yang disesuaikan 0,223). Hasil ini menegaskan peran penting kepemimpinan transformasional dan pelatihan terstruktur dalam menumbuhkan inovasi di kalangan Generasi Z yang melek teknologi, sejalan dengan penelitian sebelumnya seperti Rosmayati et. al. (2021).
References
Alrowwad, A., Abualoush, S. H., & Masa’deh, R. (2020). Transformational leadership and organizational performance: The mediating role of innovation in Jordanian organizations. International Journal of Business Excellence, 20(2), 210–231.
Arain, G. A., Bhatti, Z. A., & Hameed, I. (2020). Linking ethical leadership to employees’ innovative work behavior through self-efficacy: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Business Ethics, 166(2), 333–347.
Bass, B. M., & Avolio, B. J. (1994). Improving organizational effectiveness through transformational leadership. Sage Publications.
Bass, B. M., & Riggio, R. E. (2006). Transformational leadership (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Dessler, G. (2020). Human resource management (16th ed.). Pearson Education.
Figueiredo, P. N., De Negri, F., & Freitas, F. (2025). Reward systems and innovation performance: Evidence from emerging economies. Journal of Innovation Management, 9(1), 23–38.
Gomez-Mejia, L. R., Balkin, D. B., & Cardy, R. L. (2019). Managing human resources (9th ed.). Pearson Education.
Hasibuan, M. S. P. (2016). Manajemen sumber daya manusia (Edisi Revisi). Bumi Aksara.
Iqbal, A., Fatima, T., & Naveed, M. (2021). Transformational leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of psychological empowerment. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 42(6), 869–884.
Javed, B., Rawwas, M. Y. A., Khandai, S., & Shahid, K. (2021). Ethical leadership and innovative work behavior: The role of intrinsic motivation. Journal of Business Research, 123, 59–69.
Judge, T. A., & Piccolo, R. F. (2004). Transformational and transactional leadership: A meta-analytic test of their relative validity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(5), 755–768.
Khalid, S., & Nawaz, A. (2022). Organizational culture and innovative work behavior: The mediating role of transformational leadership. Management Science Letters, 12(2), 87–98.
Khan, M. A., Rehman, S., & Haq, A. U. (2022). Training and innovative performance: The role of coaching and mentoring in organizations. Human Resource Development International, 25(3), 312–328.
Mahmood, M., Uddin, M., & Fan, L. (2021). Does training improve innovation? The moderating role of digitalization. Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources, 59(4), 568–589.
Mangkunegara, A. P. (2017). Manajemen sumber daya manusia perusahaan. PT Remaja Rosdakarya.
Mondy, R. W., & Martocchio, J. J. (2016). Human resource management (14th ed.). Pearson.
Naufal, M. A., & Ardhani, R. (2023). Pengaruh sistem penghargaan terhadap kreativitas dan komitmen karyawan muda di organisasi start-up. Jurnal Manajemen dan Inovasi, 7(2), 45–58.
Nguyen, P. V., & Mahmood, R. (2022). The impact of transformational leadership on employees’ innovative work behavior: Evidence from Asian industries. Asia Pacific Management Review, 27(4), 235–247.
Nguyen, T. T., Hoang, T. P., & Tran, Q. (2022). Transformational leadership and innovation: Evidence from emerging markets. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 43(1), 70–84.
Noe, R. A. (2020). Employee training and development (8th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Noe, R. A., Hollenbeck, J. R., Gerhart, B., & Wright, P. M. (2022). Fundamentals of human resource management (9th ed.). McGraw-Hill Education.
Northouse, P. G. (2017). Leadership: Theory and practice (8th ed.). Sage Publications.
Pebrian, R., Rina, E., & Endang, S. (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, budaya organisasi, dan motivasi kerja terhadap perilaku inovatif pada RS Prabumulih. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen, 15(1), 101–110.
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Moorman, R. H., & Fetter, R. (1996). Transformational leader behaviors and their effects on followers’ trust in leader, satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Leadership Quarterly, 1(2), 107–142.
Putri, K., & Mayasari, I. (2025). The effect of employer branding and employee value proposition on organizational commitment in Gen Y and Gen Z. FIRM Journal of Management Studies, 10(1), 155–164.
Rachmawati, D., & Tjahjono, H. K. (2024). The impact of transformational leadership on employee innovative behavior in Indonesian technology companies. Jurnal Manajemen dan Bisnis Indonesia, 20(1), 35–47.
Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational behavior (17th ed.). Pearson Education.
Rosmayati, S., Ardiansyah, F., & Pratama, R. (2021). Peran pelatihan dan pengembangan dalam menciptakan perilaku kerja yang inovatif dan efektivitas organisasi. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(3), 221–232.
Yaqoob, N., & Kitchlew, N. (2022). Reward management and employee performance: Linking innovation and motivation. International Journal of Human Resource Studies, 12(1), 55–70.
Yuan, F., & Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: The role of performance and image outcome expectations. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323–342.
Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organizations (8th ed.). Pearson Education.
Zargar, P., Daouk, A., & Chahine, S. (2025). Driving Innovative Work Behavior Among University Teachers Through Work Engagement and Perceived Organizational Support. Administrative Sciences, 15(7), 246. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15070246
https://www.emerald.com/ijlss/article-pdf/15/8/1/9564675/ijlss-06-2022-0126.pdf
